Vayishlach 1986
In the Torahportion Yislach we learn that Jacob is about ready to meet
his brother, Esau. He knows it will be a difficult meeting. His
brother still remembers how he took the blessing from him. His brother
is coming with 400 men. Jacob prepares the best he can: he
sends a peace offering; he prays to G-d; and he prepares for war.
At the very end he tranfers his family across the Wadiyaboch, and then
he goes himself back to fetch a few things. The text says, "Vayeevoser
Yaacov L'Vado - and Jacob was left alone - Vayeovaik Ishimo At
Aloshochar - and a man wrestled with him until the going up of
dawn". Some rabbis explain that Jacob was really wrestling with
himself, that Jacob had a terrible dilemma. He did not know
whether he should return to his family and confront Esau or whether he
should run away. After all, nothing probably would happen to his
family if he was not there. Esau would just incorporate his wives into
his harem. After all, they were beautiful women and his children
would be raised by Esau. They would lack for nothing.
Meanwhile, he would flee and he would have no problem. He would
not be forced to kill or be killed. Jacob had a history of
fleeing from his problems. That is what he did when he heard that
his brother hated him after he took the blessing from him. He
went to Mesopotamia at his mother's urging, but he went, himself.
Later when he had a problem with Laban and Laban's sons, how they no
longer regarded him as an asset, how he did not confront Laban but ran
away. Jacob had a history of running away from his problems, not
confronting his problems. Jacob wrestled all night with his
problem. Eventually, he did return to his family and we know it
turned out all right at the end.
However, there is an underlying assumption here: it is all right
to flee. In modern America today we have two theories. One
theory speaks about the autonomous man who must be free at all times to
make decisions, that it is right sometimes to desert your family and
let them confront the problems, that sometimes it is all right to run
away from your problems, that you do not have to solve them, you can
run away from them. We find this point of view advocated many
times even in the public schools, that people should not be tied down,
that they should get out of responsibility if it is inconvenient so
they can develop themselves better. Jacob had to determine
whether he should flee or return. This was a hard struggle.
Judaism always tells us we must stay and confront our problems.
We do not believe in the type of freedom which is advocated in certain
circles in the United States where you must be free to do anything you
want to do. If you are forced to do anything, then it is
bad. Many times I have people who come to my office who say, "You
know, it was so much better when we lived together before we got
married or living together after we got married than it was when we
were married, because when we were married we had to do things."
That is, of course, what Judaism teaches, that you have to do
things. Freedom without responsibility, freedom without
commitment is no freedom. You have a freedom to make a
commitment. Once you have made a commitment you should stick with
it unless there are unusual circumstances. A person cannot be
happy if he is always running away. In today's world it is much
easier to get a divorce than it is to solve your problems. It is much
cheaper, too. Women have been sold a big bill of goods, that it
is better that they get a divorce. After the first year of
marriage, the average woman's income is decreased by 73% and the
average man's income is increased by 43%. That is
not a very good option, then, for women. In fact, even Betty Friedan speaks about it in her new book, "The Second Stage".
Judaism does not say that we all must have the option of always to be
free not to assume responsibility. We say we must assume
responsibility, and when we assume responsibility that is what
ultimately makes us happy, that unless you assume responsibility you
can never grow and you can never mature. I know that many times
when I teach class I pose the problem: what is the greater
Mitzvah? If a man was walking down the street and a beggar came to him
and asked for a dollar, and a person, out of the goodness of his heart,
gave him $10. Is that the greater Mitzvah? Or, what happens if a
person is walking down the street and a beggar approached him and asked
for a dollar, and the person remembered that his father had taught him
and told him and even commanded him, that if a beggar comes and asks
for a dollar you should give him more, and, therefore, he grudgingly
stuck his hand in his pocket and gave the beggar $10. Which is
the greater Mitzvah? Invariably, everyone in my class would say the
first case where a person gave what he wanted out of the goodness of
his heart while in the second case there was compulsion involved.
But Judaism says that the second case is superior. The bigger
Mitzvah is to give because you are commanded to do so, and not because
you feel like doing it. Doing things just because you feel like
doing them is a terrible thing. We don't always feel like giving
charity to the poor. What happens when we don't feel like doing
it? Does that mean we do not have to do it? What happens when you don't
feel like giving your wife the paycheck? What happens if you do not
feel like supporting your children? What happens when you don't feel
like doing the right thing? Does that mean you do not have to do the
right thing? 80% or 90% of the time we usually feel like doing the
right thing, especially if we freely
choose the commitment. But, yet, we do not always feel we have to do the right thing.
That is, of course, why after this struggle Jacob's name was changed to
Yisraei, which means a person who struggles with G-d and man and
victorious, It is not easy to do the right thing. We do not
always want to do the right thing. We don't always do the thing
we know is moral and just. Sometimes we want to take the easy way
out and run away from our problems. Sometimes we do not want to
do what we know we should do. That's why Jacob's name still
remained Jacob and not Israel. Sometimes he was called Jacob and
sometimes he was called Israel, He didn't always live up to the
name Israel. Sometimes he took the easy path. After all, we
learn later on how he played favorites among his children, how he
preferred Joseph over the rest. We learn, too, earlier how he had
cheated his brother, how he, himself, did not always do the right
thing. Jacob, too, had to struggle to do the right thing.
He was not always victorious, just as we struggle to do the right thing
but do not always do it. We should never say it is right to do
anything you want, anything you feel like. We know that the right thing
is to do what is moral, what is just. If we don't live up to it,
it is our fault, not the standard's fault. There are objective
standards outside of us. There isn't just subjective morality. We
are supposed to stand by our family and help them. We are
supposed to protect them. Jacob would have been completely wrong if he
had run away. The essence in life is for all of us to help each
other, to realize that people need us and realize that not everyone can
equally combat the problems of life. A father can more easily go
out and make a living than a wife who is pregnant and has children.
Judaism says we are all equal under the law and that we should all have
equal opportunity, but many times people with certain
talents cannot take the same education as people without these
talents, We don't train an athlete who doesn't have any ability
for the violin to be a violinist, etc. Each person must be
treated according to his needs, but, yet, we all have to be
responsible. We all have to act in the proper way. We don't
level people and pretend there are no differences. Husbands have
to come home and protect their wives. Wives, too, have to do
things for their husbands even if they don't feel like doing it. Most
of the time they will feel like doing it, but not always.
I am reminded of the story they tell about Pravda, the Communist
newspaper. They wrote an article in there that Adam and Eve were
communists. The article was presented to a rabbi who said, "You
know, I agree with Pravda this time. People who did not have a
stitch of clothes, ate apples all day, and thought they lived in
paradise must be communists," In life we do not level all
differences. We do not say people are better off not needing us,
that if I desert people they are stronger and better for it. We
must be responsible and act responsible and must keep our
commitments. That is what it means to be a Yisrael, a Jew.
Sometimes we fail. Sometimes we try to slough off our
responsibilities. Sometimes we try to say everyone should take
care of their own, but that is wrong. We are called upon to fulfill our
commitments. We have to do what is right and just. Sometimes we
will fail, but if we want to be a Jew, Yisrael, we will have to
throughout life struggle. We can never say we have finished
struggling. In the very end of our life we can still change and
not do the right thing. That's why G-d's name is never associated
with any of the patriarchs until they died, with the exception of
Yitzchak and only after he gets blind, because we can still fail to be
a Jew if we fail to struggle to do the right thing. We have to
struggle to do the right thing by our
family, especially, and everyone, If we do we are truly deserving of the name Yisrael.