VAYIGASH 1995
In the Torah portion Vayigash we learn about reconciliation. We learn
how Joseph is reconciled with his brothers. This rivalry between Joseph
and his brothers was actually continued on after the kingdom of Solomon
was divided. The primary tribe of the north was Ephraim, was, of
course, from the tribe of Joseph because was divided in to, Ephraim and
Menashe. The primary tribe in the south was Judah. Hope was always that
Judah and Joseph would be reconciled.
Throughout Jewish history we have had divisions among the Jewish
people. We see this clearly today in Israel where half the population
admires European ways and European thinking and wants actually to
jettison the Jewish tradition almost completely while half the
population still wants to fulfill Jewish dreams and still wants to be
beholden to Jewish aspirations.
Joseph and Judah were diametrically opposed as to the way that they
felt that Judaism should proceed. Joseph was the one who realized that
change was in the air and you had to accommodate the change, although
he kept the Jewish values entirely. Judah, on the other hand, was
represented by the brothers who really did not want to change their way
of life at all, but it ended up by them being so immovable as far as
changing conditions were concerned that they actually ended up breaking
Jewish values by selling their brother into slavery.
We all know that in the United States today secular Judaism is doomed. Judaism can
only exist as a religious phenomena in America. In fact, this was mentioned very clearly
at the UJA Rabbinic Cabinet, which I recently attended, where Jonathan Richer mentioned
specifically that ethnic or secular Judaism is dead. Judaism in American only exists
as a religious phenomena and if we want Judaism to survive we must strengthen its spiritual
base. In Israel they still do not understand that. Half the population still does
not want to conceive of Judaism as a spiritual value. There is great spiritual yearning
in Israel today. Unfortunately, when many of the young people get out of the army
they, instead of looking to their own heritage for spiritual values, go and travel
to the far east and to India and Nepal and Malaysia and China looking for spirituality,
not realizing that spirituality can actually be found in their own backyard. We have
also seen, too, how recently the two halves of the Jewish population have been at loggerheads,
not only about the peace process but also about the future of the Jewish people generally.
Therefore, we need reconciliation today just as we needed reconciliation at the time
of Joseph.
This Torah portion tells us exactly what is needed in order for their to be reconciliation
between the Jewish people. The first thing that Joseph says to his brothers after
he proclaims that he is Joseph is, I!I am Joseph. Is my father still alive?11 Here
the rabbis explain it is not just referring to Jacob as an individual but refers to
the traditions of the father. Are you, Judah, and the rest of the brothers still adhering
to the tradition of our fathers? In other words, in order for there to be reconciliation
of the Jewish people there must be appreciation for the common heritage that we have.
There must be a desire to be part of this heritage, not to spurn it but to be part
of it. Ben Gurion understood this. Ben Gurion might not have fulfilled all the different
rituals of our faith but he wanted to be a part of Jewish history. He stressed the
Bible. He wanted to make sure that Israel was a light unto the nations. He wanted
to be, at least to his way of thinking, true to the Jewish tradition. He did not want
to break with it, as some in Israel today want to do even going to far as to try to
institute English instead of Hebrew as the language of instruction in high schools.
The second thing that Joseph said was, "Approach, please, to me." In
other words, you have to communicate. There has to be a willingness to
interact one with another. There cannot be a distance between them.
Even though views differ they still have to be heard and communicated
and there has to be much dialogue. Without this coming close then there
cannot be any hope of even reconciliation. Unfortunately, today in
Israel there are many who do not understand what free speech is talking
about. What they think is that if a person announces a theoretical
position, that immediately that
is going to lead to violence of some sort or nature. They do not
realize that free speech means that you can take any position that you
want as long as you do not advocate acting upon these concepts. For
example, in Catholic churches throughout America and in many
fundamentalist churches they preach every week that abortion is murder
and that people who perform abortions are murderers but this does not
mean that the Catholic church or these other fundamental churches
condone or even encourage people to get out and kill people who perform
abortions, although it has happened in America before. Abortion clinics
have been firebombed and several doctors have been killed but no one
holds the church culpable for that. In Israel today, unfortunately,
there are some people who would hold large sections of the Jewish
people responsible because they feel that the peace process is going to
lead to a Holocaust. Of course, on the other hand, just because
different Jews hold that the Arabs have a just cause does not mean that
they should feel that certain Jews become traitors to the Jewish people
and assist Hamas and the PLO earlier that they should brand the people
who feel that the Arabs have a just cause as completely outside the
pale. We all know that there is a line between advocating a position
and between urging someone to violate the law in order to uphold your
position. People can hold any positions they want and people should
communicate on these positions. That is what communication means. It
does not mean to stifle your opinion. When we have free dialogue that
means that you interchange ideas.
The third element that Joseph told them was, "Now don't be sad and
don't be angry in your eyes that you sold me." In other words, the past
is past. Forget about the past. There are many wrongs on both sides.
The left has no patent on morality. In fact, it was the left who
actually killed Jews in the incident and 14 Jews were shot while they
were swimming away from a ship that Ben Gurion had ordered to be seized
from the Urgun. Not only that, there were Jews who were actually hunted
down by the Palmachian and tortured and handed over to the British.
There is no right side in
this whole area. Therefore, we should forget about the past and concentrate on the future.
The next element is, which is probably the hardest of all, was that
when Joseph said, "And G-d sent me before you to put before you as a
demand to cause you to live as a great deliverance and there was a
recognition by all involved that the Jewish people are witnesses of G-d
in the world." That is, of course, what we say when we say the Shma. In
the Shma the last letter of the first word of the Shma is an Ayin and
the last letter of the last word of the Shma is a Dalet, which stands
for a witness. We have to be a witness of G-d in the world. We have to
recognize that the basis of Judaism is religious and we must speak in
religious terms and not in secular terms. If we recognize this fact
then we can become reconciled because we will have a common vocabulary.
We may not have common practices or may not be exactly sure how to
define the religion but we will definitely have a common vocabulary.
This is essential. We need to have these four things. We need, first of
all, to have an appreciation for our tradition and want to keep
attached to our tradition. We must enter into dialogue one with
another. We must let the past be past and not dredge it up every time,
and, finally, we must realize that we are supposed to be a religious
people, witnesses of G-d in the world, and we must act accordingly and
speak accordingly. This, too, was why Joseph told the brothers as they
were leaving back to the father, he said, "Don't take big steps," Rashi
explains, and he said, "Don't enter the city when it is still light,"
and also he said, "Don't get involved in; all sorts of Halachic
disputes." What is Joseph telling them? He is telling them don't take
giant steps. Don't go from one ideological position to another. Be
conciliatory. Explain. Take small steps. Don't try to take giant steps
at a time otherwise you will just end up breaking the people in
different parts. The second thing is, enter the city when it is still
light. In other words, prepare for adversity when things are still
good. Every group in the Jewish people have to understand to prepare
their position so they do not put themselves in a corner so that they
are able to be flexible when they deal with every other group of the
Jewish people.
Also, you should not get involved in Halachic disputes on the way. Why
on the way? Because when you are in the thick of a personal dilemma
don't try to decide Halachic disputes yourself. That is why a rabbi,
too, when he is involved in a dispute with somebody else, he cannot
decide the Halacha for himself. He has to call for someone else to do
it because you are not a disinterested party. Make sure that when you;
get involved in different things that you consult people who are
disinterested, not people who have a stake in the outcome because then
they will not come to a correct opinion. So, when it comes to Jewish
unity, when it comes to the future of the Jewish people it is important
to remember that we must reconcile one with another. Israel must be
reconciled with the diaspora and in Israel they must be reconciled one
with the other, that they cannot continue to be split up into two
halves because this will only end up in destruction. We must somehow
learn how to communicate with each other. If we can agree that the
tradition is important, if we can agree that we must continually
communicate, if we agree that we must put the past behind us, and if we
also agree that we are religious people who need spirituality in order
to continue we can rest assured that the Jewish people will be
reconciled one with another so the Mashiach will come quickly in our
day.
I am reminded of the story they tell about a man who used to go into a
bar every day and order 3 drinks. The bartender used to ask him, "Why
are you ordering 3 drinks?11 He said, "The reason I am ordering 3
drinks is because one is for me, and my mother said before she came to
the United States that she had twins in Europe and the other drinks are
for my twin brothers." So every day he used to come in and order 3
drinks. One day he came and ordered only 2 drinks. The bartender got
concerned and looked at him and said, "Tell me, did something terrible
happen?" The man said nothing terrible happened. The bartender then
asked, "Well, why are you only ordering 2 drinks?" He said, "Well, you
see yesterday I went to the doctor and the doctor said I should stop
drinking, so now I am only drinking for my 2 brothers." Of course, this
is a case of reconciliation which is probably carried too far but in
any event we all have to
be sympathetic and empathetic to one another, and we all have to
remember, as Joseph said, that we have a common father and it is this
heritage that should allow us to reconcile one with another so that
truly the Jewish people can fulfill the purposes which G-d gave us so
the Mashiach will come quickly in our day. Amen.