CHAYE SARAH 1986
In the Torah portion Chaye Sarah we have the longest chapter in the
whole Bible. We have Chapter 24 which deals with Eliezer's
mission to Mesopotamia to bring back a wife for Yitzchak. This
Torah portion contains 67 verses. The rabbis ask, why does the
Torah spend so much time on this mission of Eliezer to secure a wife
for Yitzchak? We have Abraham's instructions given to Eliezer; then we
have Eliezer coming to Mesopotamia and setting up conditions in order
to choose the right girl; then we have the story of how Rivka came and
her response to Eliezer's requests; then we have a repetition of the
story and Elizer comes and meets Rivka's father and brother. This
story is repeated many times from many different angles. We then
have the story of how Rivka accepts Eliezer's proposition to go with
him to the Land of Israel to wed Yitzchak. The Torah, which is
usually so sparse in its language, here spend so much time on one
little incident in the life of Yitzchak. It was an important
incident, but one which could have been dealt with in five or six
verses and not in 67 verses. After all, the Torah deals with some
of the most important laws of Judaism with just one sentence or two
sentences or a word here or there. In fact, the rabbis ask this
question. They said that G-d prefers the conversation of the servants
of Abraham even to the learning out of some very important laws of
Judaism.
What do we learn from this long chapter? It seems that here the
Torah is teaching us something very important, and that is that it
matters not only what you do but how you do it. Sometimes how you
do something is even more important than what you do. If you are
doing a good deed but are insulting someone, then you are, in essence,
negating the good deed. When a person comes to you and asks for
charity and you treat him in a demeaning fashion and talk rough
to him, then eventually such a bad impression is left in the heart and
mind of this person that he is really turned off even though you really
helped him. On the other hand, there are people who have style
and good manners but who actually do not accomplish anything. In fact,
it was once recounted to me by a impoverished individual that he went
to someone for help and that person treated him very nicely, had him
sit down, gave him coffee, wanted to hear his problems, but at the end
he turned him away with nothing. He said, "Well, you know,
although I was treated roughly by the previous individual, I really
prefer him because he really helped me."
The Torah here is telling us that we need both: substance and
appearance. They are both important. If you have only substance
but do not have manners and style, then you will be in an almost
intolerable situation. On the other hand, if you have style and manners
but you have no substance, you will be in an even worse position
because you will not be help at all. In this Torah portion we
learn the importance of style, of manners, of avoiding
confrontations. That is what the first part of this Torah portion
is about when Abraham negotiates for a field in which to bury Sarah,
his wife. He bargained in such an indirect way that nobody is
hurt if the deal should fall through. There is an out for each
man. When they were discussing this land they were not led into
confrontation so that one person would lose face in the eyes of other
people. The importance of style and manners is to avoid
confrontation because many times people get into a bind when they deal
with interpersonal relationships, and they insult each other, and they
do not know how to get out of it. For some manner slight they
complain about the person, his whole family, etc.
We end up exaggerating points of disagreement and end up in terrible
conflict just because of some minor slight we may have suffered. When
Eliezer went to find a wife for Yitzchak he was looking for two
things. He was looking for a person who knew how to talk to
people. He also looked for someone with substance. Without
both these qualities the marriage of Yitzchak would be
intolerable. How many times have I run across people to actually
treat their spouses well when it comes to substance, but they are
always insulting them, always hurting them. They are helping
them, supporting them, but they are doing it in such a bad way that the
situation is intolerable. On the other hand, it is even worse when a
spouse talks nice to each other and gives the impression that he or she
can be depended upon, and then that spouse breaks promises. You
know you cannot rely on them for anything. That is an even worse
situation.
Eliezer knew he had to find a bride for Yitzchak who would have style
and manners and know how to talk to people and be good in interpersonal
relationships and also have substance. That's why when we read
the Torah we read that when Eliezer came to Mesopotamia, it says from
the very beginning that he came to the well of water and, of course,
what that refers to is both substance and appearance. It says,
"V'yari Chagmolim V'Chutzori El Ber Mayim - he made the camels lay down
outside to sleep to a well of water". Later on when the same
story is recounted the word Ayin is used for well. Many people
have appearances of being good. They appear to be good, but that
was not enough for Eliezer. He had to find a woman for Yitzchak
who would not only have the appearance of being a good and kind person,
but also a person to whom kindness and compassion were part of their
being, who could
relate to everyone well, who had not just appearance but substance.
Eliezer was very much afraid he would not be able to find such a
person. He was afraid he would be taken in by the outside manners
of the people around him. That's why throughout this whole 67
verses it only mentions V'er twice: once when Eliezer came to
Mesopotamia; and once when he spoke to G-d and said, "G-d, let me find
the right girl." The other time it mentions V'er is when it says
that Rivka hurried, and she poured her pitcher into the trough and she
ran again El V'er - to the well. Eliezer could see that Rivka had
both substance and appearance, both manners and reality. That is,
of course, very important. People should have substance to them
and not just appearance of goodness.
Throughout the rest of the portion we learn about Ayin, Ayin, appearance.
First, Laban put on a good appearance although he, himself, was a
shyster and a trickster. In life we have to have both substance
and appearance. I remember in the 1950's the dominant mood in this
country was to keep up with the Joneses. People were other-directed.
They did things not because they wanted to do them but to put on
a good appearance. Of course, they lost the respect of their children.
Their children knew they were not sincere and did not mean the things
they said. Therefore, this was followed by the 1960's, by the hippies
who wanted to do their own thing. They did not care about style
or appearance. They wanted to be sincere and true. Of course, that
ended in disaster, too. Judaism demands that we have both, that
we have both substance and appearance. We need them both. Sometimes
it is very difficult to reconcile the demands of what society wants
you to do and what you want to do. That is what a mature human being
must do, and that is what Judaism demands of us. That, of course,
was the kind of woman that Eliezer was looking for.
In the Haphtorah we have the same message given. We learn how
Idanijer revolted against his father, David, and declared himself
king. He said, "I will rule" and he took upon himself all the
appearance of power. Idanijer's revolt, though, was doomed from
the start even though he had 50 men running in front of him and had
chariots and horsemen. All he was interested in was the
appearance of power. When the prophet Nathan heard about this he went
to Bathsheba and Bathsheba went to King David and, of course, they made
the case for Solomon. They didn't just say, "He will rule", but
said, "He will sit on my throne", said David. Bathsheba said,
"Yes, he should sit on your throne." In other words, they needed
a king but also reality, not just the appearance of power, but he stood
for values, for Jewish values which the kingship must have. You
cannot just rule a country with appearance. Unfortunately, in our
own day the crisis of last week, people say the President should not
say this and he has to appear he is in charge. Obviously, he is
not in charge. Obviously, everyone can tell a big mistake has
been made. He should just admit it. You cannot substitute
reality for appearance. Appearance must bespeak some inner
reality. If it does not, then the appearance is false and
insincere and will never accomplish anything.
This is why this Torah portion is so long. It teaches that in Judaism
we need both appearance and reality. You cannot separate them.
You need manners, charm, but you also have to have some reality in
back of it. If you do not, then you cannot succeed in life, in marriage,
in anything you do. This Torah portion is very important because
it teaches us that Judaism does not say either/or, but it says both.
We must have both manners and reality.
I am reminded of the story they tell about a person who became very
rich almost overnight. He saw all the rich people had yachts, so
he bought a yacht. He dressed himself as a captain and went to
see his parents. When his mother saw him she said, "What have you
got on?" He said, "Don't you see I am a captain?" His
mother said, "You're a captain?" He said, "Mother, don't you think I am
a captain?" His mother replied, "I may think you are a captain and your
father may think you are a captain, but do the captains think you are a
captain?" Appearances are not enough. We must also
have substance. Without substance appearances are false. Just
substance without a way to convey this substance in a dignified and
correct way can only, too, lead to disaster. Let us all hope and
pray that we will always combine substance with manners so that we will
be able to live lives of happiness, lives which perpetuate and further
Jewish values and goals. Amen.
In Chaye Sarah we read that Abraham was blessed "B'Kol - with
everything". In the benching we ask that G-d should bless us "B'Kolmee
Kolko -with everything from everything and everything". In other
words, the complete blessing is not just "B'Kol". We learn that
Abraham was blessed B'Kol, with everything, because he had
children. One rabbi explains B'Kol means he had a son, and
another rabbi explains B'Kol also means he had a daughter. He had
children.
"Mikol - come" we learn in the next Torah that Esau brings food to
Yitzchok. It says he ate "Mikol - from the venison that his son
brought him". Mikol there refers to health, to "breeut".
The third time we learn about the word Kol, we learn about it when
Yaacov met Esau after he came back from Mesopotamia, and it says Jacob
said, "Yaish V'Kol - I have everything". That refers to
"parnusa", to being able to earn a living. Blessing in Judaism,
having everything in Judaism means that you have children and you have
your health and you have a way of earning a living. Standing up
on your own two feet and having dignity is what, of course, Judaism
demands of each of us, that we should have a sense of independence,
that we should be concerned about our family and our Jewish
institutions, that we should be concerned about children, about our
good health and the community's good health, and about making sure that
everybody has an opportunity to earn a living. Then blessing will
come not only to us but to all society. Let us all be concerned
with making life good for children. May we always love children
and devote our lives to raising them in a proper way, not only our
children but the entire community's children so that the world will be
blessed. If you train a child with love he will grow up to be a loving
individual, and the world will be a better place. We should
always be concerned
that everybody should enjoy good health, that everybody should have
a job. If we do that we can be assured that G-d's blessings will
flow upon us. Let us hope and pray that these blessings will come
soon. Amen.